Title: China‘s Maritime Militia Expands South China Sea Operations
China’s maritime militia significantly escalated its operational presence in the South China Sea during 2025. These crews, composed of military-trained fishing personnel, were deployed for an unprecedented duration in the region. This activity marked their highest level to date, according to preliminary findings from the CSIS Asia program.
Unprecedented Operational Levels in 2025
The year 2025 witnessed a notable surge in deployments by China’s maritime militia. Crews spent more time operating across the South China Sea than in any previous year. This sustained presence highlights an intensification of their activities within the contested waters. Analysts from CSIS’ Asia program carefully tracked and reported these developments.
The extended duration of these deployments signals a strategic shift. It demonstrates a heightened commitment to maintaining a consistent presence in key areas. Such prolonged activity underscores the growing role of these specialized units.
Understanding China’s Maritime Militia
The maritime militia operates as an integral component of China’s overall maritime strategy. It consists of fishing vessels whose crews receive military training. These personnel perform both civilian fishing duties and state-directed missions. Their dual role often blurs the lines between civilian and military activities in the region.
In 2025, China's military-trained maritime militia significantly escalated its operational presence in the South China Sea, deploying for unprecedented durations. This marked their highest activity level to date, asserting sovereignty and contributing to regional tensions by blurring civilian-military lines, as reported by CSIS.
Composition and Strategic Role
Members of the militia are typically local fishermen. They undergo specific training to support Chinese interests at sea. These crews often operate alongside official coast guard and naval vessels. They play a crucial role in asserting sovereignty and protecting perceived national claims. Their activities range from surveillance to supporting larger state operations.
Regional Implications and Observations
The increased activity of China’s maritime militia carries significant regional implications. It contributes to a complex and often tense environment in the South China Sea. Neighboring nations and international observers closely monitor these deployments. Such actions influence perceptions of stability and freedom of navigation in vital shipping lanes.
The findings from CSIS’ Asia program offer important insights. They highlight evolving dynamics within one of the world’s most critical maritime regions. This sustained presence by the militia remains a key factor in regional security assessments.
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